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Environmental: Wildfires
Published

Wildfire-smoke observations fill gap in estimating soot's role in climate change      (via sciencedaily.com) 

New research refining the amount of sunlight absorbed by black carbon in smoke from wildfires will help clear up a long-time weak spot in earth system models, enabling more accurate forecasting of global climate change.

Engineering: Graphene
Published

Buckyballs on gold are less exotic than graphene      (via sciencedaily.com) 

C60 molecules on a gold substrate appear more complex than their graphene counterparts, but have much more ordinary electronic properties. This is now shown by measurements with ARPES at BESSY II and detailed calculations.

Space: Structures and Features
Published

Astronomers develop novel way to 'see' the first stars through the fog of the early Universe      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A team of astronomers has developed a method that will allow them to 'see' through the fog of the early Universe and detect light from the first stars and galaxies.

Energy: Alternative Fuels Energy: Fossil Fuels
Published

Just 10 financial actors hold the key to climate change      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new report has identified the 10 financial actors with the most influence on the fossil fuel economy and outlines the decisive role they can play in helping de-carbonize our future.

Physics: Acoustics and Ultrasound
Published

Flexible method for shaping laser beams extends depth-of-focus for OCT imaging      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have developed a new method for flexibly creating various needle-shaped laser beams. These long, narrow beams can be used to improve optical coherence tomography (OCT), a noninvasive and versatile imaging tool that is used for scientific research and various types of clinical diagnoses.

Space: Exploration Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

Why Jupiter doesn't have rings like Saturn      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Because it's bigger, Jupiter ought to have larger, more spectacular rings than Saturn has. But new research shows Jupiter's massive moons prevent that vision from lighting up the night sky.

Space: Exploration Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

Global map of lunar hydrogen: Data confirms role water played in moon's formation      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Using data collected over two decades ago, scientists have compiled the first complete map of hydrogen abundances on the Moon's surface. The map identifies two types of lunar materials containing enhanced hydrogen and corroborates previous ideas about lunar hydrogen and water, including findings that water likely played a role in the Moon's original magma-ocean formation and solidification.

Environmental: Ecosystems
Published

Going against the flow: Scientists reveal garden eels' unique way of feeding      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new lab study on garden eels shows how these shy creatures use their burrows, and change their movement and posture, when feeding in strong currents.

Mathematics: Statistics
Published

Idea of ice age 'species pump' in the Philippines boosted by new way of drawing evolutionary trees      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A groundbreaking Bayesian method and new statistical analyses of genomic data from geckos in the Philippines shows that during the ice ages, the timing of gecko diversification gives strong statistical support for the first time to the Pleistocene aggregate island complex (PAIC) model of diversification, or 'species pump.'

Environmental: Ecosystems
Published

Desert climate overtaking more of Central Asia      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Rising annual temperatures and dwindling yearly precipitation across the mid-latitudes of Central Asia have extended its desert climate 60 miles northward since the 1980s, says a recent study.

Energy: Alternative Fuels Energy: Fossil Fuels
Published

All-in-one solar-powered tower makes carbon-neutral jet fuel      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have designed a fuel production system that uses water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and sunlight to produce aviation fuel. They have implemented the system in the field, and the design could help the aviation industry become carbon neutral.

Paleontology: Early Mammals and Birds
Published

The size of mammal ancestors' ear canals reveal when warm-bloodedness evolved      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Warm-bloodedness is a key mammal trait, but it's been a mystery when our ancestors evolved it. A new study points to an unlikely source for telling a fossil animal's body temperature: the size of tiny structures in their inner ears. The fluid in our ears becomes runnier at higher temperatures, so animals with warm bodies don't need as big of canals for it to flow through. Turns out, mammal ancestors became warm-blooded nearly 20 million years later than previously thought.

Space: Structures and Features
Published

A new method to detect exoplanets      (via sciencedaily.com) 

In recent years, a large number of exoplanets have been found around single 'normal' stars. New research shows that there may be exceptions to this trend. Researchers suggest a new way of detecting dim bodies, including planets, orbiting exotic binary stars known as Cataclysmic Variables (CVs).

Energy: Alternative Fuels
Published

Ultrasonic detectors reveal the detrimental effect of wind turbines at forest sites on bats      (via sciencedaily.com) 

As more and more wind turbines (WTs) are installed in the course of the energy transition and distance regulations to human settlements are tightened, suitable locations are becoming increasingly difficult to find. As a result, wind turbines are increasingly being erected in forests -- to the detriment of forest specialists among bats.

Computer Science: Encryption Mathematics: Puzzles
Published

'Pulling back the curtain' to reveal a molecular key to The Wizard of Oz      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Many people and companies worry about sensitive data getting hacked, so encrypting files with digital keys has become more commonplace. Now, researchers have developed a durable molecular encryption key from sequence-defined polymers that are built and deconstructed in a sequential way. They hid their molecular key in the ink of a letter, which was mailed and then used to decrypt a file with text from a classic story.

Archaeology: General
Published

In search of the lost city of Natounia      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The mountain fortress of Rabana-Merquly in modern Iraqi Kurdistan was one of the major regional centers of the Parthian Empire, which extended over parts of Iran and Mesopotamia approximately 2,000 years ago. The researchers studied the remains of the fortress.

Mathematics: General
Published

New model predicts how temperature affects life from quantum to classical scales      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new theory explains how every process depends on temperature. This theory could help researchers make accurate predictions in a range of areas, including biological responses to climate change, the spread of infectious diseases, and food production.

Energy: Nuclear Mathematics: General
Published

Go with the flow: New findings about moving electricity could improve fusion devices      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have found that updating a mathematical model to include a physical property known as resistivity could lead to the improved design of doughnut-shaped fusion facilities known as tokamaks.

Anthropology: Early Humans
Published

When did the genetic variations that make us human emerge?      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The study of the genomes of our closest relatives, the Neanderthals and Denisovans, has opened up new research paths that can broaden our understanding of the evolutionary history of Homo sapiens. A new study has made an estimation of the time when some of the genetic variants that characterize our species emerged. It does so by analyzing mutations that are very frequent in modern human populations, but not in these other species of archaic humans.

Environmental: Ecosystems
Published

Arctic shrub expansion limited by seed dispersal and wildfire      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists investigating the growth of Arctic vegetation have found that seed dispersal and fire will slow its land expansion in the long term, despite more favorable conditions from a warming planet.