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Chemistry: Biochemistry Chemistry: Organic Chemistry Environmental: General Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

The art and science of living-like architecture      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Collaborators have created 'living-like' bioactive interior architecture designed to one day protect us from hidden airborne threats. This publication establishes that the lab's biomaterial manufacturing process is compatible with the leading-edge cell-free engineering that gives the bioactive sites their life-like properties.

Chemistry: Inorganic Chemistry Environmental: General Environmental: Water Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Engineers 'strike gold' with innovation that recovers heavy metals from biosolids      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Engineers have developed a cost-effective and environmentally friendly way to remove heavy metals, including copper and zinc, from biosolids. The team's work advances other methods for heavy-metal removal by recycling the acidic liquid waste that is produced during the recovery phase, instead of throwing it away.

Computer Science: Artificial Intelligence (AI) Computer Science: General
Published

AI that uses sketches to detect objects within an image could boost tumor detection, and search for rare bird species      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Teaching machine learning tools to detect specific objects in a specific image and discount others is a 'game-changer' that could lead to advancements in cancer detection, according to researchers.

Chemistry: Biochemistry
Published

Helping 'good' gut bacteria and clearing out the 'bad' -- all in one treatment      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Probiotics can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome or restore populations of 'good bacteria' after a heavy course of antibiotics. But now, they could also be used as an effective treatment strategy for certain intestinal diseases, such as Crohn's disease. Researchers have developed a microgel delivery system for probiotics that keeps 'good' bacteria safe while actively clearing out 'bad' ones. In mice, the system treated intestinal inflammation without side effects.

Chemistry: Biochemistry Energy: Technology Environmental: General
Published

How tidal range electricity generation could meet future demand and storage problems      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Tidal range schemes are financially viable and could lower energy bills say researchers. Research combined a tidal range power generation model with its cost model to demonstrate the viability of tidal power. The research demonstrates the benefits of tidal energy, which does not suffer from unpredictable intermittency as power is generated both day and night, and in windy or calm weather. The creation of a tidal barrage could operate for 120 years or more to meet future demand and storage problems.

Paleontology: General
Published

Modern horses have lost their additional toes, scientists confirm      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

The distant ancestors of modern horses had hooved toes instead of a single hoof, which vanished over time, according to researchers.

Biology: Cell Biology Biology: Microbiology
Published

Scientists discover critical factors that determine the survival of airborne viruses      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Critical insights into why airborne viruses lose their infectivity have been uncovered. The findings reveal how cleaner air kills the virus significantly quicker and why opening a window may be more important than originally thought. The research could shape future mitigation strategies for new viruses.

Biology: Cell Biology Biology: General Environmental: General Environmental: Water Geoscience: Geochemistry
Published

PFAS found in blood of dogs, horses living near Fayetteville, NC      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers detected elevated PFAS levels in the blood of pet dogs and horses from Gray's Creek, N.C. -- including dogs that only drank bottled water.

Environmental: General
Published

High-tech pavement markers support autonomous driving in tough conditions, remote areas      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Engineers are placing low-powered sensors in the reflective raised pavement markers that are already used to help drivers identify lanes. Microchips inside the markers transmit information to passing cars about the road shape to help autonomous driving features function even when vehicle cameras or remote laser sensing, called LiDAR, are unreliable because of fog, snow, glare or other obstructions.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: General
Published

Cuttlefish brain atlas created      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Anything with three hearts, blue blood and skin that can change colors like a display in Times Square is likely to turn heads. Meet Sepia bandensis, known more descriptively as the camouflaging dwarf cuttlefish. Over the past three years, neuroscientists have put together a brain atlas of this captivating cephalopod: a neuroanatomical roadmap depicting for the first time the brain's overall 32-lobed structure as well its cellular organization.

Geoscience: Earth Science Geoscience: Earthquakes Geoscience: Geography Geoscience: Geology Geoscience: Oceanography Offbeat: Earth and Climate Offbeat: General Offbeat: Paleontology and Archeology
Published

Scientists unearth 20 million years of 'hot spot' magmatism under Cocos plate      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A team of scientists has observed past episodic intraplate magmatism and corroborated the existence of a partial melt channel at the base of the Cocos Plate. Situated 60 kilometers beneath the Pacific Ocean floor, the magma channel covers more than 100,000 square kilometers, and originated from the Galápagos Plume more than 20 million years ago, supplying melt for multiple magmatic events -- and persisting today.

Environmental: General Environmental: Water Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Environmental risks and opportunities of orphaned oil and gas wells      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers are leading an international team whose goal is to create a framework to help governments in the U.S. and around the world assess and prioritize remediation strategies for orphaned oil and gas wells. These inactive wells represent environmental risks since they have the potential to contaminate water supplies, degrade ecosystems, and emit methane and other air pollutants that are harmful to human health. But plugging the wells also offers various potential environmental opportunities such as underground storage of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, or the development of geothermal energy systems.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: Zoology
Published

Pangolin, the inspiration for a medical robot      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists have developed a magnetically controlled soft medical robot with a unique, flexible structure inspired by the body of a pangolin. The robot is freely movable despite built-in hard metal components. Thus, depending on the magnetic field, it can adapt its shape to be able to move and can emit heat when needed, allowing for functionalities such as selective cargo transportation and release as well as mitigation of bleeding.

Biology: Biochemistry Ecology: Animals
Published

When a rat smells a rat      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Some animals release chemical pheromones which can trigger behavioral or hormonal changes in other animals. It is known that calm rats can reduce the fear of nearby rats, but the exact mechanism was unknown. Researchers have found the pheromone responsible and demonstrated its effect both on lab rats and rats in the human environment. Their findings could lead to a new kind of humane pest control.

Anthropology: Early Humans Anthropology: General
Published

Focus on function helps identify the changes that made us human      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Research sheds light on human evolution, and demonstrates an approach for identifying significant differences in how genes are used between closely-related species.

Anthropology: General Archaeology: General Offbeat: General Offbeat: Paleontology and Archeology
Published

Face of Anglo-Saxon teen VIP revealed with new evidence about her life      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

The face of a 16-year-old woman buried near Cambridge (UK) in the 7th century with an incredibly rare gold and garnet cross (the 'Trumpington Cross') has been reconstructed following analysis of her skull. The striking image is going on public display for the first time on 21st June, with new scientific evidence showing that she moved to England from Central Europe as a young girl, leading to an intriguing change in her diet.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: General Ecology: General Ecology: Nature Ecology: Research Environmental: Biodiversity Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Earth Science Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

New research reveals the impact of different species and their traits on human wellbeing      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

New research has revealed that well-functioning ecosystems are crucial to human health and wellbeing, with human-biodiversity interactions delivering wellbeing gains equating to substantial healthcare cost-savings, when scaled-up across populations.