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Categories: Geoscience: Environmental Issues, Geoscience: Landslides
Published Invasion of the Arctic Ocean by Atlantic plankton species reveals a seasonally ice-free ocean during the last interglacial
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A subpolar species associated with Atlantic water expanded far into the Arctic Ocean during the Last Interglacial, analysis of microfossil content of sediment cores reveals. This implies that summers in the Arctic were ice free during this period.
Published Outdoor air pollution may increase non-lung cancer risk in older adults [CORRECTED]
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Chronic exposure to fine particulate air pollutants (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) may increase non-lung cancer risk in older adults, according to new research. In a cohort study of millions of Medicare beneficiaries, the researchers found that exposures to PM2.5 and NO2 over a 10-year period increased the risk of developing colorectal and prostate cancers. The researchers also found that even low levels of air pollution exposure may make people particularly susceptible to developing these cancers, in addition to breast and endometrial cancers.
Published Study examines Earth and Mars to determine how climate change affects the paths of rivers
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The study investigated why the paths of meandering rivers change over time and is a step toward understanding what the hydroclimate on Mars was like when there was still surface water.
Published Mussel-inspired membrane can boost sustainability and add value to industrial wastewater treatment
(via sciencedaily.com) Engineers have developed a new kind of membrane that separates chemicals within wastewater so effectively that they can be reused, presenting a new opportunity for industries to improve sustainability, while extracting valuable by-products and chemicals from wastewater.
Published New photocatalytic system converts carbon dioxide to valuable fuel more efficiently than natural photosynthesis
(via sciencedaily.com) A research team recently developed a stable artificial photocatalytic system that is more efficient than natural photosynthesis. The new system mimics a natural chloroplast to convert carbon dioxide in water into methane, a valuable fuel, very efficiently using light. This is a promising discovery, which could contribute to the goal of carbon neutrality.
Published Sustainable mobility planning supported by doughnut thinking
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new scientific article shows how the donut model, which examines the overall sustainability of societies, can be applied to transport.
Published The history and future of ancient einkorn wheat Is written in its genes
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have sequenced the complete genome for einkorn wheat, the world's first domesticated crop and traced its evolutionary history. The information will help researchers identify genetic traits like tolerance to diseases, drought and heat, and re-introduce those traits to modern bread wheat.
Published Early-life lead exposure linked to higher risk of criminal behavior in adulthood, researchers find
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source An evaluation of 17 previously published studies suggests that exposure to lead in the womb or in childhood is associated with an increased risk of engaging in criminal behavior in adulthood -- but more evidence is needed to strengthen understanding.
Published Closure of Pittsburgh coal-processing plant tied to local health gains
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The closure in January 2016 of one of Pittsburgh's biggest coal-processing plants led to immediate and lasting declines in emissions of fossil fuel-related air pollutants. These in turn were linked to near-instant decreases in local heart-related emergency department visits and hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases, a new study shows. The impact of the closure persisted through at least December 2018, the last month for which data were analyzed.
Published A natural experiment provides evidence of link between air pollution and childhood obesity
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Moving to more polluted areas was associated with an increase in body mass index, according to an analysis of more than 46,000 children and adolescents living in Catalonia.
Published Nature-based solutions can help tackle climate change and food security, but communities outside Europe are missing out
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Nature-based solutions (NBS) can help grand challenges, such as climate change and food security, but, as things stand, communities outside of Europe do not stand to benefit from these innovations. New research has found that more than 60% of NBS are located in Europe, with other regions showing poor use of the technologies.
Published When cheating pays -- survival strategy of insect uncovered
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have revealed the unique 'cheating' strategy a New Zealand insect has developed to avoid being eaten -- mimicking a highly toxic species.
Published Plans to plant billions of trees threatened by massive undersupply of seedlings
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Major government and private funding is being invested in planting trees as a powerful tool to fight climate change. But new research shows a troubling bottleneck that could threaten these efforts: U.S. tree nurseries don't grow close to enough trees--nor have the species diversity needed--to meet ambitious planting and restoration goals.
Published Secondary forests more sensitive to drought than primary forests
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The dry summer of 2018 hit Swedish forests hard -- and hardest affected were the managed secondary forests.
Published Insolation affected ice age climate dynamics
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source In past ice ages, the intensity of summer insolation affected the emergence of warm and cold periods and played an important role in triggering abrupt climate changes, a study by climate researchers, geoscientists, and environmental physicists suggests. Using stalagmites in the European Alps, they were able to demonstrate that warm phases appeared primarily when the summer insolation reached maxima in the Northern Hemisphere.
Published Billions in conservation spending fail to improve wild fish stocks in Columbia Basin
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Four decades of conservation spending totaling more than $9 billion in inflation-adjusted tax dollars has failed to improve stocks of wild salmon and steelhead in the Columbia River Basin.
Published 'Time-traveling' pathogens in melting permafrost pose likely risk to environment
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Ancient pathogens that escape from melting permafrost have real potential to damage microbial communities and might potentially threaten human health, according to a new study.
Published Solar batteries: New material makes it possible to simultaneously absorb light and store energy
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers are making progress on the design of a solar battery made from an abundant, non-toxic and easily synthesized material composed of 2D carbon nitride.
Published Scientists vacuum animal DNA from air in a Danish forest
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Over 60 animal species in three days. That is how many mammals, birds and amphibians researchers found DNA traces from in the air in a Danish forest. The results can pave the way for a new and innovative way of mapping biodiversity.
Published Self-healing plastic becomes biodegradable
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Chemists develop mineral plastics with numerous positive properties from sustainable basic building blocks and, together with biologists, demonstrate the material's excellent microbiological degradability.