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Categories: Computer Science: Encryption, Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published Ozone may be heating the planet more than we realize
(via sciencedaily.com) New research reveals ozone in the lower atmosphere in particular contributed to warming in the Southern Ocean - which absorbs much of the planet's excess heat - more than previously realized. The study shows that ozone is more than just a pollutant, but also may be playing a significant role in climate change.
Published Single-photon source paves the way for practical quantum encryption
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers describe new high-purity single-photon source that can operate at room temperature. The source is an important step toward practical applications of quantum technology, such as highly secure communication based on quantum key distribution (QKD).
Published Tiny, cheap solution for quantum-secure encryption
(via sciencedaily.com) Engineers propose a new kind of encryption to protect data in the age of quantum computers.
Published Qubits: Developing long-distance quantum telecommunications networks
(via sciencedaily.com) Computers, smartphones, GPS: quantum physics has enabled many technological advances. It is now opening up new fields of research in cryptography (the art of coding messages) with the aim of developing ultra-secure telecommunications networks. There is one obstacle, however: after a few hundred kilometers within an optical fiber, the photons that carry the qubits or 'quantum bits' (the information) disappear. They therefore need 'repeaters', a kind of 'relay', which are partly based on a quantum memory. By managing to store a qubit in a crystal (a 'memory') for 20 milliseconds, a team has now taken a major step towards the development of long-distance quantum telecommunications networks.
Published Tiny magnets could hold the secret to new quantum computers
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists have discovered a type of magnetic behavior that could help enable magnetically based quantum devices.
Published Smoke from major wildfires destroys the ozone layer
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study shows that smoke from wildfires destroys the ozone layer. Researchers caution that if major fires become more frequent with a changing climate, more damaging ultraviolet radiation from the sun will reach the ground.
Published Ancient ice reveals scores of gigantic volcanic eruptions
(via sciencedaily.com) Ice cores drilled in Antarctica and Greenland have revealed gigantic volcanic eruptions during the last ice age. Sixty-nine of these were larger than any eruption in modern history. According to the physicists behind the research, these eruptions can teach us about our planet's sensitivity to climate change.
Published Following rain, desert microbes exhale potent greenhouse gas
(via sciencedaily.com) New research shows how, after it rains, microbes in desert soil convert one form of pollution into another -- laughing gas.
Published Natural gas flares likely source of respiratory illness spike
(via sciencedaily.com) Flaring of natural gas from oil wells appeared to cause an increase of around 11,000 hospital visits for respiratory reasons in North Dakota, US, up to 60 miles away from oil drilling sites.
Published Study of algae in Acadia National Park lakes shows recovery from acidification
(via sciencedaily.com) Research shows that federal regulations to reduce human-caused sulfur in the atmosphere have aided in the recovery of algal ecosystems for two lakes in Acadia National Park. However, the study also shows that the warming climate negatively impact certain types of lakes more than others, which could affect future ecosystem recovery.
Published Double locked: Polymer hydrogels secure confidential information
(via sciencedaily.com) The development of highly secure but simple and inexpensive encryption technology for the prevention of data leaks and forgeries is decidedly challenging. A research team has now introduced a 'double lock' based on thermoresponsive polymer hydrogels that encrypts information so that it can only be read at a specific window in temperature and time.
Published Chemical link between wildfire smoke and ozone depletion
(via sciencedaily.com) Atmospheric chemists have found that the smoke from Australia's 'Black Summer' wildfires set off chemical reactions in the stratosphere that contributed to the destruction of ozone. The study is the first to establish a chemical link between wildfire smoke and ozone depletion.
Published A security technique to fool would-be cyber attackers
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers developed a technique that effectively protects computer programs' secret information from memory-timing side channel attacks, while enabling faster computation than other security schemes.
Published Basis for next-gen bioprocesses
(via sciencedaily.com) Succinic acid is an important precursor for pharmaceutical and cosmetic products and also serves as a component in biodegradable plastics. It is currently derived mainly from petroleum-based processes. Researchers are using the marine bacterium Vibrio natriegens as a biocatalyst. This could permit the production of succinic acid in sustainable processes using renewable raw materials.
Published Dissolving oil in a sunlit sea
(via sciencedaily.com) The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill was the largest marine oil spill in United States history. The disaster was caused by an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, taking 11 lives and releasing nearly 210 million gallons of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. Twelve years and hundreds of millions of dollars later, scientists are still working to understand where all this oil ended up, a concept known as environmental fate.
Published Air chemistry data from South Korea field study puts models to the test
(via sciencedaily.com) An international effort to measure air quality in South Korea, a region with complex sources of pollution, may provide new insights into the atmospheric chemistry that produces ozone pollution, according to a team of scientists.
Published Rare earth elements await in waste
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists applied their flash Joule heating process to coal fly ash and other toxic waste to safely extract rare earth elements essential to modern electronics and green technologies.
Published The power of chaos: A robust and low-cost cryptosystem for the post-quantum era
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists develop a chaos-based stream cipher that can withstand attacks from large-scale quantum computers.
Published What the rise of oxygen on early Earth tells us about life on other planets
(via sciencedaily.com) When did the Earth reach oxygen levels sufficient to support animal life? Researchers have discovered that a rise in oxygen levels occurred in step with the evolution and expansion of complex, eukaryotic ecosystems. Their findings represent the strongest evidence to date that extremely low oxygen levels exerted an important limitation on evolution for billions of years.
Published How big does your quantum computer need to be?
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers decided to explore two very different quantum problems: breaking the encryption of Bitcoin and simulating the molecule responsible for biological nitrogen fixation. They describe a tool they created to determine how big a quantum computer needs to be to solve problems like these and how long it will take.