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Categories: Engineering: Nanotechnology, Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published Widespread illegal trade of hazardous chemicals
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have studied the global trade in highly hazardous chemicals subject to a global treaty -- the Rotterdam Convention. The results are sobering: Nearly half of the total trade volume of these chemicals crosses national borders illegally, calling for strong international and national action.
Published Making headway in precision therapeutics with novel fully organic bioelectronic device
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have announced that they have developed the first stand-alone, conformable, fully organic bioelectronic device that can not only acquire and transmit neurophysiologic brain signals, but can also provide power for device operation.
Published Light-activated molecular machines get cells 'talking'
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists have used light-activated molecular machines to induce cell-to-cell calcium signaling, revealing a powerful new strategy for drug design. This technology could lead to improved treatments for people with heart problems, digestive issues and more.
Published Forest can adapt to climate change, but not quickly enough
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source America's forests have a tough time in store for them. Climate change is increasing temperatures and decreasing moisture levels across the country, not a winning combination for trees.
Published Breathing poison: Microbial life on nitric oxide respiration
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Nitric oxide (NO) is a central molecule in the global cycling of nitrogen, and also toxic. Little is known about if and how microbes can use NO as a substrate for growth. Scientists have now managed to grow a microbial community dominated by two, so-far unknown species on NO for more than four years (and counting) and study their metabolism in great detail. Their research provides insight into the physiology of NO-respiring microorganisms, which have pivotal roles in the control of climate active gases, waste removal, and the evolution of nitrate and oxygen respiration.
Published Roots are capable of measuring heat on their own
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Plant roots have their own thermometer to measure the temperature of the soil around them and they adjust their growth accordingly. Through extensive experiments, a team was able to demonstrate that roots have their own temperature sensing and response system. In a new study, the scientists also provide a new explanation for how roots themselves detect and react to higher temperatures. The results could help develop new approaches for plant breeding.
Published A safe, easy, and affordable way to store and retrieve hydrogen
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have discovered a compound that uses a chemical reaction to store ammonia, potentially offering a safer and easier way to store this important chemical. This discovery makes it possible not only to safely and conveniently store ammonia, but also the important hydrogen is carries, and it should help lead the way to a decarbonized society with a practical hydrogen economy.
Published Chemists create the microspine with shape-transforming properties for targeted cargo delivery at microscale
(via sciencedaily.com) With the goal of advancing biomimetic microscale materials, the research team has developed a new method to create microscale superstructures, called MicroSpine, that possess both soft and hard materials which mimic the spine structure and can act as microactuators with shape-transforming properties. This breakthrough was achieved through colloidal assembly, a simple process in which nano- and microparticles spontaneously organize into ordered spatial patterns.
Published Arctic dust found to be a major source of particles that form ice crystals in Arctic low-level clouds
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists in Japan have used a global climate model to show that dust from land without snow cover in the Arctic is a major source of particles that form ice crystals in Arctic low-level clouds. This finding could help improve predictions of Arctic warming, which is suggested to be much faster than in other parts of the world.
Published Researchers grow precise arrays of nanoLEDs
(via sciencedaily.com) A new platform enables researchers to 'grow' halide perovskite nanocrystals with precise control over the location and size of each individual crystal, integrating them into nanoscale light-emitting diodes.
Published Weeks later, potentially harmful chemicals lingered in homes affected by Marshall Fire
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source In the wake of Colorado's devastating Marshall Fire, a team of chemists and engineers undertook a first-of-its-kind study to explore homes that survived the blaze. Their results reveal the potential health hazards that wildfires can leave behind in buildings.
Published Shrinking Arctic glaciers are unearthing a new source of methane
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source As the Arctic warms, shrinking glaciers are exposing bubbling groundwater springs which could provide an underestimated source of the potent greenhouse gas methane, finds new research.
Published Tracking ships' icy paths amidst climate change
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Understanding when and where ships are entering areas of Arctic sea ice can help elucidate the potential impacts of vessel traffic in the region.
Published Potent greenhouse gas produced by industry could be readily abated with existing technologies
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have found that one method of reducing greenhouse gas emissions is available, affordable, and capable of being implemented right now. Nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting substance, could be readily abated with existing technology applied to industrial sources.
Published Nanosheet technology developed to boost energy storage dielectric capacitors
(via sciencedaily.com) A research group has used nanosheet technology to develop a dielectric capacitor for advanced electronic and electrical power systems. Innovations in energy storage technology are vital for the effective use of renewable energy and the mass production of electric vehicles. The capacitor has the highest energy storage density recorded. It has a short charging time, high output, long life, and high temperature stability, making it a major advancement in technology.
Published How mercury emissions from industry can be greatly reduced
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Sulphuric acid is the world's most used chemical. It is an important reagent used in many industries and it is used in the manufacture of everything from paper, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics to batteries, detergents and fertilizers. It is therefore a worldwide challenge that sulphuric acid often contains one of the most toxic substances -- mercury. Researchers have now developed a method that can reduce the levels of mercury in sulphuric acid by more than 90 per cent -- even from low levels.
Published Three things to know: Climate change's impact on extreme-weather events
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers found that the effects of climate change on the intensity, frequency, and duration of extreme weather events, like wildfires, could lead to massive increases in all three.
Published Chemists discover why photosynthetic light-harvesting is so efficient
(via sciencedaily.com) Chemists have measured the energy transfer between photosynthetic light-harvesting proteins. They discovered that the disorganized arrangement of light-harvesting proteins boosts the efficiency of the energy transduction.
Published New study reveals abrupt shift in tropical Pacific climate during Little Ice Age
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source An El Niño event has officially begun. The climate phenomenon, which originates in the tropical Pacific and occurs in intervals of a few years will shape weather across the planet for the next year or more and give rise to various climatic extremes. El Niño-like conditions can also occur on longer time scales of decades or centuries. This has been shown to have occurred in the recent past.
Published Researchers demonstrate single-molecule electronic 'switch' using ladder-like molecules
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have demonstrated a new material for single-molecule electronic switches, which can effectively vary current at the nanoscale in response to external stimuli. The material for this molecular switch has a unique structure created by locking a linear molecular backbone into a ladder-type structure. A new study finds that the ladder-type molecular structure greatly enhances the stability of the material, making it highly promising for use in single-molecule electronics applications.