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Categories: Energy: Nuclear, Environmental: Wildfires
Published 2D array of electron and nuclear spin qubits opens new frontier in quantum science
(via sciencedaily.com) By using photons and electron spin qubits to control nuclear spins in a two-dimensional material, researchers have opened a new frontier in quantum science and technology, enabling applications like atomic-scale nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and to read and write quantum information with nuclear spins in 2D materials.
Published Upgrade for magnetic resonance methods with a 1,000-fold amplifier
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers determine the structure and dynamics of proteins using NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy. Until now, however, much higher concentrations were necessary for in-vitro measurements of the biomolecules in solution than found in our body's cells. An NMR method enhanced by a very powerful amplifier, in combination with molecular dynamics simulation, now enables their detection and accurate characterization at physiological concentrations.
Published Dry lightning sparks some of the most destructive and costly wildfires in California
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have developed the first long-term climatology of dry lightning -- lightning which occurs with less than 2.5mm of rainfall -- in central and northern California.
Published Air pollution, including during wildfires, shows ill effects in children
(via sciencedaily.com) New research linking air pollution data from federal monitors in the Sacramento area of California, including during significant fires, is showing ill effects of pollution exposure among children, a new study suggests.
Published A better way to quantify radiation damage in materials
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers find much of the damage inside nuclear reactors is so small that it has eluded previous tests. Their new tool provides a way to directly measure this damage, potentially opening a path for the safe operation of nuclear power plants far beyond their present licensed lifetimes.
Published Suspended sediment reduced by rapid revegetation after Fukushima decontamination
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have found that soil decontamination efforts following the Fukushima nuclear accident resulted in constant, high levels of suspended river sediment downstream, but a rapid decrease in the amount of particulate radiocesium. Additionally, the rapid recovery of vegetation reduced the duration of unsustainable sediment effects. Future remediation projects should assess the natural restoration ability of local landscapes, and include appropriate revegetation measures to reduce the effects on downstream environments.
Published Wildfires disproportionately affect the poor
(via sciencedaily.com) With fires raging from California to Alaska, the 2022 wildfire season is off to a violent start. It's an ominous sign of what promises to be another record-breaking fire season in the U.S. Roughly 2 million acres burned last month. And major fires are currently scorching Idaho, Utah and California, threatening tens of thousands of Americans' homes and livelihoods. Many of those at risk are lower-income Americans who face canceled homeowners insurance policies and rising premiums, according to new research.
Published Listening to the people results in a more sustainable future energy system
(via sciencedaily.com) By taking into account the demographics and preferences of US racial groups, clarified through a nationally representative survey of 3,000 US residents, researchers have created a 'desirable' electricity generation mix for 2050 that includes 50% more energy from renewables than current projections. Combining such bottom-up input with top-down energy system goals set by policymakers could help meet both the needs and preferences of the population along with emission and climate goals.
Published Smoke from Western wildfires can influence Arctic sea ice
(via sciencedaily.com) Sea ice and wildfires may be more interconnected than previously thought, according to new research.
Published Western U.S. wildfire smoke plumes are getting taller, researchers find
(via sciencedaily.com) In recent years the plumes of smoke crawling upward from Western wildfires have trended taller, with more smoke and aerosols lofted up where they can spread farther and impact air quality over a wider area. The likely cause is climate change, with decreased precipitation and increased aridity in the Western U.S. that intensifies wildfire activity.
Published New model developed to predict landslides along wildfire burn scars
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have augmented a physics-based numerical model to investigate and predict areas susceptible to debris flows. This augmented model eventually could be used in an early warning system for people living in high-risk areas, enabling them to evacuate before it's too late. Information from model simulations also could be used to design new infrastructure -- such as diversion bars that deflect fast-moving water away from homes and roads -- for high hazard zones.
Published Smaller, stronger magnets could improve devices that harness the fusion power of the sun and stars
(via sciencedaily.com) PPPL researchers have found a way to build powerful magnets smaller than before, aiding the design and construction of machines that could help the world harness the power of the sun to create electricity without producing greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.
Published New methodology helps predict soil recovery after wildfires
(via sciencedaily.com) A team of investigators devised a new methodology to enable predictions of how plant growth and water quality would change in the wake of wildfires.
Published Chemists unlock secrets of molten salts
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have come up with a novel way to study the thermodynamic properties of molten salts, which are used in many nuclear and solar energy applications.
Published Wildfire-smoke observations fill gap in estimating soot's role in climate change
(via sciencedaily.com) New research refining the amount of sunlight absorbed by black carbon in smoke from wildfires will help clear up a long-time weak spot in earth system models, enabling more accurate forecasting of global climate change.
Published Go with the flow: New findings about moving electricity could improve fusion devices
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have found that updating a mathematical model to include a physical property known as resistivity could lead to the improved design of doughnut-shaped fusion facilities known as tokamaks.
Published Cats injured in wildfires at risk of deadly blood clots
(via sciencedaily.com) Cats injured in California wildfires are at risk of forming deadly blood clots, according to new research.
Published California's trees are dying, and might not be coming back
(via sciencedaily.com) The State of California is banking on its forests to help reduce planet-warming carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. But that element of the state's climate-change solution arsenal may be in jeopardy, as new research reports that trees in California's mountain ranges and open spaces are dying from wildfires and other pressures -- and fewer new trees are filling the void.
Published Scientists propose solution to a long-puzzling fusion problem
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers demonstrate explanation of paradox that could apply to all spherical tokamaks, cost-effective candidates to model a fusion pilot plant.
Published X-rays help researchers piece together treasured cellular gateway
(via sciencedaily.com) After almost two decades of synchrotron experiments, scientists have captured a clear picture of a cell's nuclear pores, which are the doors and windows through which critical material in your body flows in and out of the cell's nucleus. These findings could lead to new treatments of certain cancers, autoimmune diseases and heart conditions.