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Categories: Chemistry: Organic Chemistry, Geoscience: Geochemistry
Published Earth prefers to serve life in XXS and XXL sizes
(via sciencedaily.com) Life comes in all shapes in sizes, but some sizes are more popular than others, new research has found. A survey of body sizes of all Earth's living organisms has uncovered an unexpected pattern. Contrary to what current theories can explain, our planet's biomass -- the material that makes up all living organisms -- is concentrated in organisms at either end of the size spectrum.
Published Mimicking biological enzymes may be key to hydrogen fuel production
(via sciencedaily.com) An ancient biological enzyme known as nickel-iron hydrogenase may play a key role in producing hydrogen for a renewables-based energy economy, researchers said. Careful study of the enzyme has led chemists to design a synthetic molecule that mimics the hydrogen gas-producing chemical reaction performed by the enzyme.
Published Most of world's salt marshes likely to be underwater by 2100, study concludes
(via sciencedaily.com) Salt marshes are some of the most biologically productive ecosystems on Earth. They play an outsized role in nitrogen cycling, act as carbon sinks, protect coastal development from storm surge, and provide critical habitats and nurseries for many fish, shellfish, and coastal birds. According to new research, more than 90 percent of the world's salt marshes are likely to be underwater by the end of the century. These findings come from a 50-year study of ecosystem changes in Great Sippewissett Marsh in Falmouth, Mass.
Published Chemists design new molecule, with oxygen as the star of the show
(via sciencedaily.com) Chemists have achieved a new feat in the realm of chemical design and synthesis: They've helped create the first example of a synthetic molecule, with an asymmetric oxygen atom as its centerpiece, that remains stable and nonreactive -- despite this type of molecule's tendency in nature to be touchy and short-lived. What makes this feat unique is that the new molecule is chiral, which means it has a non-superimposable mirror image.
Published Energy-efficient and customizable inorganic membranes for a cleaner future
(via sciencedaily.com) A team of researchers has developed a revolutionary technique for producing ultrathin inorganic membranes. These inorganic membranes are not just energy-efficient but also highly customizable for different applications, such as filtration, separation, energy conversion, catalysis and sensing. This ground-breaking achievement could potentially revolutionize the way many industries operate for greater sustainability.
Published Fermented coffee's fruity aromas demystified
(via sciencedaily.com) Fermented coffee could bring a fruity taste to your morning cup of joe. This new kind of beverage has a raspberry-like taste and aroma, but what causes these sensations has been a mystery. Scientists now report six compounds that contribute to the fermented coffee experience.
Published Three newly discovered sea worms that glow in the dark named after creatures from Japanese folklore and marine biologist
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have discovered three new species of luminescent Polycirrus worms that emit blue-purple light. They named two of them after glowing creatures in Japanese folklore, and the other after the former director of Notojima Aquarium who helped find the worms.
Published Revolutionary battery technology to boost EV range 10-fold or more
(via sciencedaily.com) A team develops layering-charged, polymer-based stable high-capacity anode material.
Published New additives could turn concrete into an effective carbon sink
(via sciencedaily.com) Introducing additives to concrete manufacturing processes could reduce the sizeable carbon footprint of the material without altering its bulk mechanical properties, a study shows.
Published Modern origami method creates glass shapes by folding
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The ancient art of origami is well known for transforming sheets of paper and other foldable materials into complex 3D shapes. But now, chemical engineers have extended the centuries-old practice to produce intricate shapes made of glass or other hard materials. Their thoroughly modern method, which can be combined with 3D printing, could have applications ranging from sculpture to catalysis and beyond.
Published Conserving wildlife can help mitigate climate change
(via sciencedaily.com) Solving the climate crisis and biodiversity crisis are not separate issues. Animals remove billions of tons of carbon dioxide each year. Restoring species will help limit global warming, new science reveals.
Published Eco-efficient cement could pave the way to a greener future
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists develop process to remove toxic heavy metals from coal fly ash, making for greener, stronger concrete.
Published Team uses natural catalysts to develop low-cost way of producing green hydrogen
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have developed a practical way to produce green hydrogen using sustainable catalysts and say their work is a major step towards production simpler, more affordable and more scalable.
Published Biomolecules: Trying nanometer measurement for size
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source As part of a comparative international study, researchers have successfully tested and validated a method of investigating dynamic protein structures.
Published Probe where the protons go to develop better fuel cells
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have uncovered the chemical inner-workings of an electrolyte they developed for a new generation of solid oxide fuel cells. To uncover the location of the proton-introduction reaction, the team studied extensively the hydration reaction of their scandium-substituted barium zirconate perovskite through a combination of synchrotron radiation analysis, large-scale simulations, machine learning, and thermogravimetric analysis. The new data has the potential to accelerate the development of more efficient fuel cells.
Published Team designs molecule to disrupt SARS-CoV-2 infection
(via sciencedaily.com) A team of scientists designed a molecule that disrupts the infection mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and could be used to develop new treatments for COVID-19 and other viral diseases.
Published The Greenland Ice Sheet is close to a melting point of no return
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study using simulations identified two tipping points for the Greenland Ice Sheet: releasing 1000 gigatons of carbon into the atmosphere will cause the southern portion of the ice sheet to melt; about 2500 gigatons of carbon means permanent loss of nearly the entire ice sheet. Having emitted about 500 gigatons of carbon, we're about halfway to the first tipping point.
Published Looking from different perspectives! Proper electronic structure of near-infrared absorbing functional dyes discovered
(via sciencedaily.com) A research group has discovered that near-infrared absorbing dyes, which had previously been considered to have closed-shell electronic structures, have an intermediate electronic structure, between closed- and open-shell structures. They also found that as the wavelength of near-infrared light that can be absorbed becomes longer the contribution of open-shell forms increases within the dye. These newly discovered characteristics are expected to be utilized to develop new near-infrared absorbing dyes that can absorb longer wavelength near-infrared light.
Published Photosynthesis: Varying roads lead to the reaction center
(via sciencedaily.com) Chemists use high-precision quantum chemistry to study key elements of super-efficient energy transfer in an important element of photosynthesis.
Published Scientists discover easy way to make atomically-thin metal layers for new technology
(via sciencedaily.com) A new breakthrough shows how to make MXenes far more quickly and easily, with fewer toxic byproducts.